See Karling on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la-med:Karlingus",
"id": "descendant of Charles Martel",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂-der.\nProto-Germanic *karaz\nProto-Germanic *karilaz\nProto-West Germanic *karil\nProto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Germanic *-īnaz\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Germanic *-gaz\n?\nProto-Germanic *-ingaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ing\nMedieval Latin Karlingusbor.\nEnglish Karling\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow old\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵerh₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*karaz\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*karilaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*karil\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-n̥kʷo-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-īnaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-gaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ingaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ing\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"Karlingus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Karling\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"descendant of Charles Martel\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Karling\" id=\"English:_descendant_of_Charles_Martel\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "Karlingus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin Karlingus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Frankish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*karil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *karil",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Karl",
"3": "-ing<id:diminutive>"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, Karl + -ing",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "Kärling"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German Kärling",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂-der.\nProto-Germanic *karaz\nProto-Germanic *karilaz\nProto-West Germanic *karil\nProto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Germanic *-īnaz\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Germanic *-gaz\n?\nProto-Germanic *-ingaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ing\nMedieval Latin Karlingusbor.\nEnglish Karling\nFrom Medieval Latin Karlingus, from a Frankish patronymic ultimately composed of Proto-West Germanic *karil + *-ing. By surface analysis, Karl + -ing.\nCognate with Middle High German Kärling.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Karlings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Karling (plural Karlings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a descendant of Charles Martel; a Carolingian",
"word": "Caroling"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Karlingian"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
36
]
],
"ref": "1859, The Edinburgh Review, volume 109, page 500:",
"text": "The undisputed reign of the Karlings in Gaul, in western France, ends with the deposition of Charles the Fat.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
168,
176
]
],
"ref": "1874, Edward A. Freeman, General Sketch of History, New York, page 130:",
"text": "After the election of Odo of Paris to the Western Kingdom, there followed about a hundred years of shifting to and fro between his new family and the old family of the Karlings.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Charlotte M. Yonge, History of Christian Names, London, page 456:",
"text": "[...] and when the Karlings, with their middle class cultivation, subdued the effete line of the Meerveh, they spoke Latin as freely as Frankish, and the names they bore had softened; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of Caroling (“a descendant of Charles Martel; a Carolingian”)"
],
"id": "en-Karling-en-noun-JTqxZE45",
"links": [
[
"Caroling",
"Caroling#English"
],
[
"Carolingian",
"Carolingian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑːlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "Karling"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Karlingian"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la-med:Karlingus",
"id": "descendant of Charles Martel",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂-der.\nProto-Germanic *karaz\nProto-Germanic *karilaz\nProto-West Germanic *karil\nProto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Germanic *-īnaz\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Germanic *-gaz\n?\nProto-Germanic *-ingaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ing\nMedieval Latin Karlingusbor.\nEnglish Karling\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow old\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵerh₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*karaz\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*karilaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*karil\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-n̥kʷo-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-īnaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-gaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ingaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ing\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"Karlingus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Karling\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"descendant of Charles Martel\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Karling\" id=\"English:_descendant_of_Charles_Martel\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "Karlingus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin Karlingus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Frankish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*karil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *karil",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Karl",
"3": "-ing<id:diminutive>"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, Karl + -ing",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "Kärling"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German Kärling",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂-der.\nProto-Germanic *karaz\nProto-Germanic *karilaz\nProto-West Germanic *karil\nProto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Germanic *-īnaz\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Germanic *-gaz\n?\nProto-Germanic *-ingaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ing\nMedieval Latin Karlingusbor.\nEnglish Karling\nFrom Medieval Latin Karlingus, from a Frankish patronymic ultimately composed of Proto-West Germanic *karil + *-ing. By surface analysis, Karl + -ing.\nCognate with Middle High German Kärling.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Karlings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Karling (plural Karlings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a descendant of Charles Martel; a Carolingian",
"word": "Caroling"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵerh₂-",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (diminutive)",
"English terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
36
]
],
"ref": "1859, The Edinburgh Review, volume 109, page 500:",
"text": "The undisputed reign of the Karlings in Gaul, in western France, ends with the deposition of Charles the Fat.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
168,
176
]
],
"ref": "1874, Edward A. Freeman, General Sketch of History, New York, page 130:",
"text": "After the election of Odo of Paris to the Western Kingdom, there followed about a hundred years of shifting to and fro between his new family and the old family of the Karlings.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Charlotte M. Yonge, History of Christian Names, London, page 456:",
"text": "[...] and when the Karlings, with their middle class cultivation, subdued the effete line of the Meerveh, they spoke Latin as freely as Frankish, and the names they bore had softened; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of Caroling (“a descendant of Charles Martel; a Carolingian”)"
],
"links": [
[
"Caroling",
"Caroling#English"
],
[
"Carolingian",
"Carolingian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑːlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "Karling"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Karling meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.